Bone tissue regeneration was closely associated with osteogenesis and angiogenesis. The harmonious regulation of osteogenetic and\nangiogenic growth factors would enhance bone regeneration, while the imbalance of that would lead to local excessive bone\nformation or vascular mass due to exogenous delivery. Therefore, microRNA is believed to regulate multiple metabolism\nprogress through endogenous signaling pathways on the gene level. In this work, we identified microRNA 378 as a positive\nregulator of osteogenesis and angiogenesis simultaneously and also observed an increase of microRNA 378 than control in\nhuman bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) after osteoblast induction. Besides, osteogenetic and angiogenic gene\nexpression increased simultaneously after overexpression of microRNA 378. Moreover, alizarin red staining and alkaline\nphosphatase (ALP) staining enhanced, and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) increased. In this way, we\nbelieved miR378 was an ideal target to osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling for bone regeneration, which provides a potential tool\nfor the gene therapy of bone regeneration.
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